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Typical rotors include turbine mechanical rotors, motor rotors, various pump rotors, and turbine compressor rotors. When the rotor rotates at certain specific speeds, it undergoes significant deformation and causes resonance, and the speed at which resonance occurs is called the critical speed of the rotor.
In engineering, a rotor with a working speed lower than the first critical speed is called a rigid rotor, and a rotor with a working speed higher than the first critical speed is called a flexible rotor.
Due to the high-speed rotational motion of the rotor, balance is required. Static balance is mainly used to balance the inertial force of a disc-shaped rotor. The dynamic balance of a rigid rotor can be achieved by using a universal balancing machine to balance inertial forces and inertial force couples, eliminating vibration of the rotor on elastic supports.
The dynamic balancing of flexible rotors is quite complex, and there are two types of methods based on principles: vibration mode balancing method and influence coefficient method.